. Introduction
Twenty years have passed since the publication of the last edition of the Red List of Polish Mosses (Żarnowiec et al., 2004). Significant changes occurred during this period. The degree of knowledge about the diversity and distribution of moss species in Poland has increased significantly, and, above all, clearly visible climate change has had a significant impact on moss flora. These are no longer minor fluctuations but clear, strongly outlined trends in changes in the ranges of a number of taxa.
The first concerns species whose borders until recently ended in Western Europe or Southwestern Europe. Some of these have been observed in Poland for several years, e.g. Cryphaea heteromalla and Leptodon smithii. Species with an Atlantic distribution type move their ranges eastward, e.g. Dicranoweisia cirrata, Hookeria lucens, and Orthotrichum pulchellum. The second category concerns numerous epiphytic species, mainly from the Orthotrichaceae family. Mild winters, combined with a significant reduction in SO2 emissions, cause many of them to return to previously occupied areas or even spread.
A negative trend is the disappearance of mosses associated with marshy areas (fens and peat bogs). Long-term droughts and the resulting lowering of groundwater levels, as well as short, mild winters, cause peat bogs to quickly become overgrown with shrubs, trees, and expansive perennials. The extinction of peat mosses is particularly visible in the southern part of Poland.
In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in data available regarding the current distribution of mosses within the country. This was achieved, among others, by the legal protection of some species (since 2001), the creation of Natura 2000 areas (after Poland’s accession to the European Union in 2004), continuous expansion of the network of nature reserves and other surface biocenotic forms of nature protection, and permanent monitoring of numerous sites of species from Annexes II and IV of the EU Habitats Directive. The aim of the present work was to assess the threat status of moss flora in Poland, in accordance with the latest IUCN recommendations (2024).
. Material and methods
This study compiled a current list of mosses known from Poland and then assessed the threats to individual species and more important lower taxa, in accordance with the IUCN (2024) criteria, with adaptation to bryophytes (Hodgetts et al., 2019).
The nomenclature of mosses was adopted according to Hodgetts et al. (2020). A different approach was used for the species such as Bryum barnesii J.B.Wood. ex Schimp., Drepanocladus polycarpos (Blandow ex Voit) Warnst., D. aduncus (Hedw.) Warnst. var. stagnatus (Żarnowiec) Żarnowiec & Stebel, Ptychostomum neodamense (Itzigs.) J.R. Spence and P. subneodamense (Kindb.) J.R. Spence. The names of mosses are given as synonyms after Ochyra et al. (2003), and are commonly used in Poland in databases and documents related to nature conservation.
. Results
The list of Polish mosses comprises 730 species, eight subspecies, and 27 varieties (as of April 2025). Compared to the ‘Census Catalogue of Polish Mosses’ (Ochyra et al., 2003), the number of species and their lower taxa increased significantly, of which 29 species and 4 varieties were given as new to the Polish flora, a dozen or so were not included in the list for various reasons (most often due to different taxonomic approaches), while 9 were given incorrectly or are not currently accepted (hybrid species), hence they were removed from the list (see below).
Mosses added to the moss flora of Poland after 2003
Acaulon casasianum Brugués & H.A.Crum – recently reported by Szczepański (2024) from southern Poland.
Bryum barnesii J.B.Wood. ex Schimp. – found at several sites on the Silesian Upland in the Western Carpathians and Central Masovian Lowland (Ellis et al., 2020).
Bryum gemmiferum R.Wilczek & Demaret – first reported in Western Carpathians (Ellis et al., 2016). The number of stations has increased in recent years (Vončina et al., 2022).
Chenia leptophylla (Müll.Hal.) R.H.Zander – found in northeastern Poland by M. Szczepański (Fudali et al., 2009).
Cryphaea heteromalla (Hedw.) D.Mohr – reported from three localities in western Poland (Ellis et al., 2021).
Didymodon validus Limpr. – known only from the Pieniny Mountains in southern Poland (Ochyra et al., 2011a).
Fissidens rufulus Bruch & Schimp. – first reported in Western Carpathians (Blockeel et al., 2006). Currently known from several sites (Stebel et al., 2010; Stebel et al., 2017; Stebel & Vončina, 2020).
Fontinalis dichelymoides Lindb. – recently reported in northern Poland (Wolski & Polus, 2024).
Grimmia teretinervis Limpr. – reported only in the Pieniny Mountains in Poland (Ochyra et al., 2011a).
Heterocladium flaccidum (Schimp.) A.J.E.Sm. – taxon until recently included into the group Heterocladium heteropterum (Brid.) Schimp. with poorly known distribution (Hugonnot et al., 2020). In Poland, it was identified as Heterocladium heteropterum var. fallax Milde by Milde (1869) generally ‘from Silesia’. Recently, it was confirmed on the Czech side of the Karkonosze Mountains in Sudetes (Ellis et al., 2022).
Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. var. heseleri (Ando & Higuchi) M.O.Hill – found on the Silesian Upland in southern Poland (Ellis et al., 2019).
Jochenia protuberans (Brid.) Jan Kučera & Ignatov – recently distinguished species (Kučera et al., 2019), reported from Sudetes (Ignatov et al., 2022), also known from several stations in the Carpathians (Stebel, unpublished).
Leptodon smithii (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr – recently reported from Lower Silesia (Otte, 2021).
Oncophorus integerrimus Hedenäs – species described by Hedenäs (2017), reported from Polish part of Tatra Mountains by Lisowski (1966) as Oncophorus virens (Hedw.) Brid. var. elongatum Limpr.
Ortholimnobium handelii (Broth.) C.Schröck & J.T.Wynns – recently found in the Western Carpathians (Wilbraham et al., 2025).
Orthotrichum alpestre Bruch & Schimp. – reported by Plášek & Ochyra (2020) based on specimens collected by J. Żarnowiec in the Bieszczady Zachodnie Mts (Eastern Carpathians, southern Poland).
Plagiothecium angusticellum G.J.Wolski & P.Nowicka-Krawczyk – newly described species, reported from several sites in various regions of Poland (Wolski & Nowicka-Krawczyk, 2020).
Plagiothecium decursivifolium Kindb. – reported by Wolski et. al. (2022).
Plagiothecium imbricatum G.J.Wolski & R.W.Buck – newly described species, reported from Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship in northern Poland (Wolski et al., 2022).
Plagiothecium longisetum Lindb. – recently reported from several sites in various regions of Poland by Wolski & Nowicka-Krawczyk (2020).
Plagiothecium rossicum Ignatov & Ignatova – a newly described species (Ignatova et al., 2019), reported in two localities in Poland.
Plagiothecium tenue (Jedl.) G.J.Wolski & R.W.Buck – newly described and reported by Wolski et. al. (2022) from Lower Silesia in south-western Poland.
Pterygoneurum lamellatum (Lindb.) Jur. – species found in the herbarium collection of A. Graw in the first half of the 20th century (Ellis et al., 2015a). According to M. Szczepański (personal communication), its habitats (active landslides in full sun, most often surrounded by xerothermic grasslands) are at high risk of succession.
Pterygoneurum sampaianum (Guim.) Guim. – species found by Szczepański (2024) at several sites in northern Poland (conf. V. Hugonnot).
Rhynchostegium rotundifolium (Scop. ex Brid.) Schimp. – found at one station in Sudetes in southwestern Poland (Vončina & Stebel, 2019).
Schistidium umbrosum (J.E.Zetterst.) H.H.Blom – reported from Sudetes (Müller & Baumann, 2018).
Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh. ex Hoffm. var. viride (Flatberg) Lönnell & Hassel – reported by Wojtuń (2006) in Sudetes in southwestern Poland.
Sphagnum divinum Flatberg & Hassel – the species has been sporadically reported in Poland (Marcisz et al., 2020; Seniczak et al., 2022). It appears to be widespread throughout the country (Ellis et al., 2023).
Sphagnum fallax (H.Klinggr.) H.Klinggr. var. brevifolium (Lindb. ex Braithw.) Lönnell & Hassel – reported by Wojtuń (2006) from Sutedy Mountains in south-western Poland.
Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr var. epilosa (Venturi) J.J.Amann – reported from one station in the Western Carpathians in southern Poland (Ellis et al., 2018).
Thamnobryum neckeroides (Hook.) E.Lawton – a species found recently (Ellis et al., 2012), is currently known from a few stations in the Carpathians and northern Poland (Stebel & Kapustyński, 2024).
Tortella pseudofragilis (Thér.) Köckinger & Hedenäs – species described recently (Köckinger & Hedenäs, 2017), in Poland known from the Tatra Mountains (Stebel et al., 2025).
Zygodon stirtonii Schimp. ex Stirt. – reported from Poland on Wolin Island in the northern part of the country based on specimens collected by S. Lisowski (Blockeel et al., 2007), which was recently confirmed (Stebel & Żarnowiec, 2017).
Examples of mosses known from Poland earlier, not listed in 2003
Aloina obliquifolia (Müll.Hal.) Broth. – reported by Gallego et al. (1999) in Silesia. Recently found at several sites in other regions of Poland (Szczepański, 2024).
Lewinskya shawii (Wilson) F.Lara, Garilleti & Goffinet [Orthotrichum shawii Wilson] – reported at one locality in northeastern Poland in the 19th century (Ruthe, 1873).
Lewinskya fastigiata (Bruch ex Brid.) Vigalondo, F.Lara & Garilleti [Orthotrichum fastigiatum Bruch ex Brid.] – moss included in L. affinis (Ochyra et al,. 2003), which has been previously reported in many regions of Poland. According to Vigalondo et al. (2020), this species is separate.
Fontinalis antipyretica Hedw. subsp. kindbergii (Renauld & Cardot) Cardot – known from a few sites in northern Poland (Dietzow, 1938), has not been confirmed for many years (Rusińska, 1981).
Orthotrichum schimperi Hammar – moss included in Orthotrichum pumilum Sw. ex anon. (Ochyra et al., 2003), which is currently considered a separate species, as previously reported in a few regions of Poland (Plášek & Ochyra, 2020).
Sphagnum pulchrum (Lindb. ex Braithw.) Warnst. – removed from the Polish flora based on the incorrect identification of available specimens from the Tatra Mountains (Ochyra et al., 2003). This species was also reported in southern Poland (Karczmarz & Bloch, 1985; herbarium materials were not located). Its occurrence in Poland is probable; hence, it has been included on this list.
Sciuro-hypnum curtum (Lindb.) Ignatov – this species has been reported many times in Poland under different names, e.g. Brachythecium starkei (Brid.) Schimp. var. explanatum (Brid.) Mönk. or B. curtum (Lindb.) Limpr. Later it was recognized as identical to Sciurio-hypnum oedipodium (Mitt.) Ignatov & Huttunen, but currently they are considered to be two separate species (Ignatov & Milyutina, 2007), of which only S. curtum grows in Poland.
Ulota crispula Bruch – moss included into U. crispa (Hedw.) Brid. (Ochyra et al., 2003), which has been previously reported in a few regions of Poland. According to Caparrós et al. (2016), this species is separate.
Ulota intermedia Schimp. – moss included into U. crispa (Hedw.) Brid. (Ochyra et al., 2003), noted earlier in some parts of Poland. According to Caparrós et al. (2016), this species is separate.
Mosses excluded from moss flora of Poland after 2003
Cnestrum alpestre (Wahlenb. ex Huebener) Nyholm ex Mogensen – given from the Tatra Mountains by Chałubiński (1886), but only from the Slovak part (Ochyra & Cisło, 1999). It has not yet been found in Poland and is thus mistakenly included on the list of Polish mosses (Ochyra et al., 2003).
Dicranum groenlandicum Brid. – given from the Tatra Mountains by Chałubiński (1886) as Dicranum elongatum Schleich. ex Schwägr. var. orthocarpum Bruch & Schimp., without indicating the exact locations. It is included in the list of mosses in Poland (Ochyra et al., 2003); however, a review of preserved herbarium materials did not confirm the occurrence of this species (Ochyra & Cisło, 1999).
Funaria × hybrida R.Ruthe ex Limpr. – hybrid taxon, at present not accepted.
Leptodontium styriacum (Jur.) Limpr. – given from the Western Bieszczady Mountains by Lisowski (1956), who later corrected the designation and stated that the materials belong to Zygodon dentatus (Limpr.) Karttunen (Lisowski, 1957). The specimens collected by Lisowski undoubtedly belonged to Z. dentatus (Żarnowiec & Stebel, 2014).
Orthotrichum microcarpum De Not. – reported from southern Poland (Żmuda, 1912). The specimens belong to O. pallens (Plášek & Sawicki, 2009).
Physcomitrella × hampei Limpr. – hybrid taxon, at present not accepted.
Plagiomnium drummondii (Bruch & Schimp.) T.J. Kop. – reported erroneously from Silesia in southwestern Poland (Milde, 1869) because Milde’s herbarium specimens belong to Plagiomnium affine, P. cuspidatum, and Atrichum undulatum (Stebel & Ochyra, 2004).
Sciuro-hypnum oedipodium (Mitt.) Ignatov & Huttunen – species considered as identical to S. curtum (Lindb.) Ignatov, however, recent studies have shown that these are two separate species, of which S. curtum grows in Europe, Asia, and North America, and S. oedipodium grows mainly in North America (Ignatov & Milyutina, 2007). Only a single locality of this species is found in Asia and Europe. In Europe, it has been found in the Caucasus Mountains.
Sphagnum rubiginosum Flatberg – reported by Wojtuń (2006) in Sudetes. The specimens belong to Sphagnum girgensohnii (Stebel, 2017, rev. K. I. Flatberg).
Examples of species whose threat category changed after 2004
Below are examples of species whose threat categories have changed after the publication of the last edition of the Red List (Żarnowiec et al., 2004). Due to the use of the old IUCN categories in 2004 (IUCN, 1978), a precise comparison is not possible in some cases.
Abbreviations: NI – not included, (↓) – threat category reduced, (↑) – threat category increased; red-list threat categories see IUCN recommendations and criteria (IUCN 1978, 2024) and the next chapter.
(↑) Calliergon richardsonii (Mitt.) Kindb. – (Red-List 2004: E, Red-List 2025: CR). Known from only four localities (Ochyra & Szmajda, 1983c). The two localities in Tatra National Park are strongly threatened by the overgrowth of the peat bog (Stebel & Perzanowska, 2011; Stebel, unpublished), while the situation of the other two sites located in the lowland part of the country is unknown.
(↑) Campylopus fragilis (Brid.) Bruch & Schimp. – (2004: R, 2025: EN). The last observations came from Góry Kaczawskie in Sudetes (Wilczyńska, 1974).
(↓) Campylopus pyriformis (Schultz) Brid. – (2004: E, 2025: LC). In recent years, it has appeared at numerous sites, particularly in western Poland, and the number of stations has increased (Stebel, unpublished).
(↑) Cinclidotus fontinaloides (Hedw.) P.Beauv. – (2004: E, 2025: CR). Confirmed only at a site in the Pieniny Mountains (Vončina & Stebel, 2016). This has not been observed at other previously known sites for many years (Stebel, unpublished).
(↑) Cnestrum schistii (F.Weber & D.Mohr) I.Hagen. – (2004: I, 2025: RE). Reported only from one site in the Góry Kaczawskie range in Sudetes (Limpricht, 1876), however, it has not been confirmed (Wilczyńska, 1974; Stebel, unpublished).
(↑) Coscinodon cribrosus (Hedw.) Spruce – (2004: R, 2025: VU). Recently found only in Sudetes in western Poland (Ellis et al., 2015b).
(↑) Cynodontium bruntonii (Sm.) Bruch & Schimp. – (2004: R, 2025: EN). The last observations came from Góry Kaczawskie in Sudetes (Wilczyńska, 1974).
(↑) Dichelyma capillaceum (L. ex Dicks.) Myrin – (2004: E, 2025: RE). The last localities date back to the first half of the 20th century (Dietzow, 1938), since then, this species has not been observed in Poland.
(↑) Drepanocladus capillifolius (Warnst.) Warnst. – (2004: R, 2025: CR). The last few sites date back to the 1990s (Żarnowiec, 2001).
(↓) Drepanocladus lycopodioides (Brid.) Warnst. – (2004: E, 2025: VU). The sites of this species are disappearing in most of the country, but in some regions (e.g., in the Silesian Voivodeship), it is also observed in anthropogenic habitats, such as ditches, clay pits, and swampy sandpits (Stebel & Krajewski, 2020).
(↑) Drepanocladus sendtneri (Schimp. ex H.Müll.) Warnst. – (2004: R, 2025: VU). The sites of this species are disappearing throughout the country, but in some regions (e.g., in the Silesian Voivodeship), it can also grow in anthropogenic habitats, such as ditches, clay pits, and sand pits (Stebel & Krajewski, 2020).
(↓) Drepanocladus turgescens (T.Jensen) Broth. – (2004: Ex, 2025: CR). Moss known only from the Silesian Upland in southern Poland. Due to the destruction of known localities, it was considered an extinct species (Ochyra & Baryła, 1988). Recently, it was found in one site near historical sites, which remains to this day (Krajewski, 2017; Stebel & Krajewski, 2020).
(↑) Entosthodon fascicularis (Hedw.) Müll.Hal. – (2004: R, 2025: VU). In the past, it was known from many locations; however, in recent years, its occurrence has not been confirmed.
(↓) Fissidens fontanus (Bach.Pyl.) Steud. – (2004: E, 2025: VU). Recently found on few stations (Żarnowiec & Armata, 2008a; Stebel & Krajewski, 2019).
(↑) Grimmia crinita Brid. – (2004: R, 2025: RE). Known from two stations, the last observation came from the 1930s (Stebel & Zubel, 2018).
(↑) Grimmia montana Bruch & Schimp. – (2004: NI, 2025: VU). Known only from a few sites in the Sudetes (the site from Babia Góra in the Carpathians is incorrect), the last observation (a small population) was reported by Wilczyńska (1974).
(↑) Hamatocaulis vernicosus (Mitt.) Hedenäs – (2004: NI, 2025: EN). The number of sites has recently decreased rapidly, both in the lowlands and mountains (Stebel & Ociepa, 2022).
(↑) Hilpertia velenovskyi (Schiffn.) R.H.Zander – (2004: R, 2025: CR). Reported from numerous localities in southeastern Poland (Ochyra & Szmajda, 1983a), information on its occurrence in recent years is sparse (Szczepański, 2024).
(↓) Hookeria lucens (Hedw.) Sm. – (2004: E, 2025: VU). In recent years, the number of sites in the Carpathians has increased, and the species is moving eastward (Ochyra et al., 2020). There are no current confirmations in the rest of Poland.
(↑) Meesia longiseta Hedw. – (2004: E, 2025: CR). Distribution in Poland see Ochyra et al. (1988b). The last record came from the Tatra Mountains in the 1960s (Lisowski, 1966) and has not been confirmed to date (Stebel & Perzanowska, 2011; Stebel, unpublished).
(↑) Meesia triquetra (L. ex Jolycl.) Ångstr. – (2004: V, 2025: CR). Distribution in Poland see Ochyra et al. (1988c). In recent years, there has been a rapid decline in the number of sites in the country (Stebel, unpublished).
(↓) Meesia uliginosa Hedw. – (2004: E, 2025: VU). Distribution in Poland see Ochyra et al. (1988a). In recent years, it has been observed only in the Tatra Mountains, where the sites are often abundant and not threatened.
(↓) Neckera pennata Hedw. – (2004: E, 2025: VU). Moss associated with old forest stands (primeval forest species), the number of records has recently been increasing (Górski et. al., 2020; Vončina & Stebel, 2022).
(↓) Orthotrichum rogeri Brid. – (2004: Ex, 2025: NT). This species was recently confirmed (Stebel, 2010), and the number of its localities will most likely increase, especially in western Poland (Ellis et al., 2024).
(↑) Paraleucobryum sauteri (Bruch & Schimp.) Loeske – (2004: I, 2025: CR). Known from two sites, only one site has been confirmed in Babiogórski National Park (Ochyra et al., 2011b).
(↑) Platyhypnum alpinum (Lindb.) Loeske – (2004: R, 2025: CR). It grows only in one location where it forms a sparse population (Żarnowiec & Armata, 2008b).
(↑) Pseudohygrohypnum eugyrium (Schimp.) Kanda – (2004: R, 2025: EN). Known from two locations in the Western Bieszczady Mountains (Żarnowiec & Stebel, 2014).
(↑) Racomitrium obtusum (Brid.) Brid. – (2004: V, 2025: RE). The species is known from three locations where observations come from the end of the 19th century (Bednarek-Ochyra, 1995).
(↑) Schistidium flaccidum (De Not.) Ochyra – (2004: E, 2025: RE). Reported only from one site in the Góry Kaczawskie range in Sudetes (Milde, 1859), although this has not been confirmed (Wilczyńska, 1974; Stebel, unpublished).
(↓) Splachnum sphaericum Hedw. – (2004: E, 2025: LC). Distribution in Poland see Szmajda et al. (1991c). In recent years, this species has been confirmed in several localities in the Carpathians and Sudetes in the alpine and subalpine zones (Fudali, 2011; Stebel, 2022; Klama & Żarnowiec, 2004). They are located in national parks and do not appear to be endangered.
(↑) Tayloria acuminata Hornsch. – (2004: I, 2025: RE). Known only from one site in the Karkonosze Mountains, it was recorded in the 19th century and has not been confirmed since then (Szmajda et al., 1991b).
(↑) Tayloria splachnoides (Schleich. ex Schwägr.) Hook. – (2004: V, 2025: RE). Similarly to T. acuminata, it is known only from one locality in the Karkonosze Mountains, where it was reported in the 19th century and has not been confirmed since then (Szmajda et al., 1991a).
(↑) Tortella squarrosa (Brid.) Limpr. – (2004: R, 2025: CR). Distribution in Poland see Ochyra & Szmajda (1983b). The last observations came from the early 1950s in the Bielinek Nature Reserve. The occurrence of this species is possible here (Piotr Waloch, personal communication), but thus far, there has been no confirmation.
(↓) Zygodon dentatus (Limpr.) Kartt. – (2004: E, 2025: NT). Distribution and threats in Poland see Stebel & Żarnowiec (2017). In recent years, the number of localities for this species has increased.
(↓) Zygodon rupestris Schimp. ex Lorentz – (2004: E, 2025: NT). Distribution and threats in Poland see Stebel & Żarnowiec (2017). In recent years, the number of localities for this species has been increasing, as in the case of Z. dentatus.
General remarks on red-list
As the amount of floristic data increased, similar to other countries, the subsequent ’Red Lists‘ in Poland included an increasing number of species. Taking into account the taxonomic division and nomenclature adopted in this study, the first edition of the Red-List included 122 species (Ochyra, 1986), the second 132 species (Ochyra, 1992), and the third – 218 species (Żarnowiec et al., 2004). Previous lists were based on the old red-list categories (IUCN, 1978) – Ex (extinct, at present category RE), E (endangered, at present categories CR and EN), V (vulnerable, at present the same category VU), R (rare, at present without equivalent), and I (indeterminate, at present category DD), which only partially correspond to the currently accepted categories. Some taxa were treated as separate species, e.g. Bryum mamillatum (present synonym of Ptychostomum warneum) and Dicranum sendtneri (present synonym of Dicranum elongatum), and some are not currently accepted, e.g. Funaria × hybrida.
The list presented here was based on the latest IUCN recommendations and criteria (2024). The degree of threat to all representatives of the moss flora in Poland was assessed. As a result of the progress of research in understanding the current distribution and threat status of individual taxa, the number of regionally extinct (RE) and endangered (CR, EN, and VU categories) mosses in Poland has increased to 162 species, four subspecies, and one variety. In earlier lists, the number of species in the corresponding categories (EX, E and V) was 57 (Ochyra, 1986), 62 (Ochyra, 1992) and 80 (Żarnowiec et al., 2004). Numerous groups, including 57 species and 10 varieties, are currently represented by mosses from the DD category, which indicates a continuous paucity of information regarding the threat status of individual taxa. A similar situation exists in earlier lists. At that time, there were 32 species in the corresponding Indeterminate category (Ochyra, 1986), 43 in the second (Ochyra, 1992), and 51 in the third (Żarnowiec et al., 2004).
The most problematic issue is recognizing a species as extinct. This applies particularly to those previously known at many sites. Considering the size of Poland (over 311 thousand square kilometers of land surface), its diverse terrain, and the small group of bryological specialists, it is not possible to thoroughly check all potential habitats for individual species in a short time. In addition, there are taxonomic problems related to the different recognition of individual species, e.g. in the Grimmiaceae family or Bryum genus. The dynamics of the ranges of individual species are also significant, e.g. in the epiphyte flora, which resulted in the spread or influx of species not previously recorded in this area of Poland, e.g. Cryphaea heteromalla. A spectacular example of rapid spread is the case of Orthotrichum pulchellum. This species has been known for many years from only one site in Pomerania (Ruthe, 1867). Only after 145 years, in 2012, were its further localities discovered (Plášek et al., 2013) and currently in many regions of the country it is almost a common species (Stebel & Smoczyk, 2017; Plášek et al., 2022). Therefore, species that are currently estimated to be extinct according to the adopted criteria may appear in Poland in the future. It is interesting that among the species considered extinct in previous lists, localities of three, i.e. Discelium nudum, Orthotrichum rogeri, and Drepanocladus turgescens have been discovered. The number of species and lower taxa in the individual categories of the red list are listed in Table 1.
Red-list
Threat categories with definitions: 1. RE (Regionally Extinct) – a species not confirmed since 1950. 2. CR (Critically Endangered) – a species that faces an extremely high risk of extinction. 3. EN (Endangered) – a species that faces a high risk of extinction. 4. VU (Vulnerable) – a species facing a high risk of extinction. 5. NT (Near Threatened) – a species that may likely become at risk of extinction in the near future. 6. LC (Least Concern) – a species that is not threatened, widely occurs in suitable habitats. 7. DD (Data Deficient) – species with a lack of data allowing an assessment of its risk of extinction. 8. NE (Not evaluated) – the category was assigned to species and lower taxa that have been recently reported from Poland, but whose taxonomic status has not been definitively established and its distribution requires further research.
Accepted names are in bold, and synonyms (according to Ochyra et al., 2003) are enclosed in square brackets.
Abietinella abietina (Hedw.) M.Fleisch.
var. abietina – LC
var. hystricosa (Mitt.) Sakurai – NT
Acaulon casasianum Brugués & H.A.Crum – DD
Acaulon muticum (Hedw.) Müll.Hal. – NT
Acaulon triquetrum (Spruce) Müll.Hal. – VU [B2ab(iii,iv)]
Alleniella besseri (Lobarz.) S.Olsson, Enroth & D.Quandt [Neckera besseri (Lobarz.) Jur.] – LC
Alleniella complanata (Hedw.) S.Olsson, Enroth & D.Quandt [Neckera complanata (Hedw.) Huebener] – LC
Aloina aloides (W.D.J. Koch ex Schultz) Kindb. – CR [B2ab(iii)]
Aloina ambigua (Bruch & Schimp.) Limpr. – CR [B2ab(iii)]
Aloina brevirostris (Hook. & Grev.) Kindb. – VU [B2ab(iii)]
Aloina obliquifolia (Müll.Hal.) Broth. – DD
Aloina rigida (Hedw.) Limpr. – LC
Amblyodon dealbatus (Hedw.) P.Beauv. – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Amblystegium serpens (Hedw.) Schimp.
var. serpens – LC
var. juratzkanum (Schimp.) Rau & Herv. [Amblystegium juratzkanum Schimp.] – LC
Amphidium lapponicum (Hedw.) Schimp. – VU [D2]
Amphidium mougeotii (Schimp.) Schimp. – LC
Anacamptodon splachnoides (Froel. ex Brid.) Brid. – EN [B2ab(iii)]
Andreaea alpestris (Thed.) Schimp. [A. rupestris Hedw. var. alpestris (Thed.) Sharp] – DD
Andreaea blyttii Schimp. – VU [D2]
Andreaea crassinervia Bruch – VU [D2]
Andreaea frigida H ü ebener – VU [D2]
Andreaea nivalis Hook. – LC
Andreaea rothii F.Weber & D.Mohr
subsp. rothii – VU [D2]
subsp. falcata (Schimp.) Lindb. – VU [D2]
Andreaea rupestris Hedw.
var. rupestris – LC
var. papillosa (Lindb.) Podp. – DD
Anoectangium aestivum (Hedw.) Mitt. – LC
Anomobryum concinnatum (Spruce) Lindb.1 – VU [D2]
Anomodon longifolius (Schleich. ex Brid.) Hartm. – NT
Anomodon rugelii (Müll.Hal.) Keissl. – VU [B1b(iii)+2b(iii)]
Anomodon viticulosus (Hedw.) Hook. & Taylor – NT
Antrichia curtipendula (Hedw.) Brid. – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Archidium alternifolium (Hedw.) Mitt. – NT
Arctoa fulvella (Dicks.) Bruch & Schimp. – VU [D2]
Atrichum angustatum (Brid.) Bruch & Schimp. – NT
Atrichum flavisetum Mitt. – NT
Atrichum tenellum (Röhl.) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P.Beauv. – LC
Aulacomnium androgynum (Hedw.) Schwägr. – LC
Aulacomnium palustre (Hedw.) Schwägr. – LC
Aulacomnium turgidum (Wahlenb.) Schwägr. – VU [D2]
Barbula unguiculata Hedw. – LC
Bartramia halleriana Hedw. – NT
Bartramia ithyphylla Brid. – LC
Bartramia pomiformis Hedw. – LC
Blindia acuta (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Blindiadelphus campylopodus (Kindb.) Fedosov & Ignatov [Seligeria campylopoda Kindb.] – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Blindiadelphus recurvatus (Hedw.) Fedosov & Ignatov [Seligeria recurvata (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp.] – LC
Brachydontium trichodes (F.Weber) Milde – LC
Brachytheciastrum collinum (Schleich. ex Müll.Hal.) Ignatov & Huttunen – DD
Brachytheciastrum salicinum (Schimp.) J.D.Orgaz, M.J.Cano & J.Guerra [Brachytheciastrum velutinum (Hedw.) Ignatov & Huttunen var. salicinum (Schimp.) Ochyra & Żarnowiec] – RE
Brachytheciastrum trachypodium (Brid.) Ignatov & Huttunen – DD
Brachytheciastrum velutinum (Hedw.) Ignatov & Huttunen [incl. Brachytheciastrum vanekii (Šmarda) Ochyra & Żarnowiec; Brachytheciastrum velutinum var. vagans (Milde) Ochyra & Żarnowiec] – LC
Brachythecium albicans (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Brachythecium campestre (Müll.Hal.) Schimp. – DD
Brachythecium capillaceum (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Giacom. – DD
Brachythecium cirrosum (Schwägr.) Schimp. – DD
Brachythecium geheebii Milde – EN [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Brachythecium glareosum (Bruch ex Spruce) Schimp. – LC
Brachythecium mildeanum (Schimp.) Schimp. – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Brachythecium rivulare Schimp. – LC
Brachythecium rutabulum (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Brachythecium salebrosum (Hoffm. ex F.Weber & D.Mohr) Schimp. – LC
Brachythecium tenuicaule (Spruce) Kindb. [Cirriphyllum tenuicaule (Spruce) Wijk & Margad.] – EN [D2]
Brachythecium tommasinii (Sendtn. ex Boulay) Ignatov & Huttunen – LC
Brachythecium turgidum (Hartm.) Kindb. – LC
Bryoerythrophyllum alpigenum (Venturi) P.C.Chen [Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum (Hedw.) P.C. Chen var. dentatum (Schimp.) H.A.Crum, Steere & L.E.Anderson] – VU [D2]
Bryoerythrophyllum ferruginascens (Stirt.) Giacom. – LC
Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum (Hedw.) P.C.Chen – LC
Bryum argenteum Hedw. – LC
Bryum barnesii J.B.Wood. ex Schimp. – LC
Bryum dichotomum Hedw. [Bryum bicolor Dicks.] – LC
Bryum gemmiferum R.Wilczek & Demaret – LC
Bryum klinggraeffii Schimp. – LC
Bryum marratii Hook.f. & Wilson – RE
Bryum ruderale Crundw. & Nyholm – LC
Bryum violaceum Crundw. & Nyholm – LC
Buckia vaucheri (Lesq.) D.Rios, M.T.Gallego & J.Guerra [Hypnum vaucheri Lesq.] – LC
Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw. – LC
Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl. – NT
Callicladium haldanianum (Grev.) H.A.Crum – LC
Callicladium imponens (Hedw.) Hedenäs, Schlesak & D.Quandt [Hypnum imponens Hedw.] – NT
Calliergon cordifolium (Hedw.) Kindb. – LC
Calliergon giganteum (Schimp.) Kindb. – VU [B1b(iii)+2b(iii)]
Calliergon megalophyllum Mikut. – EN [B2ab(iii)]
Calliergon richardsonii (Mitt.) Kindb. – CR [B2ab(iii)]
Calliergonella cuspidata (Hedw.) Loeske – LC
Calliergonella lindbergii (Mitt.) Hedenäs [Hypnum lindbergii Mitt.] – LC
Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus (Brid.) R.S.Chopra – LC
Campyliadelphus elodes (Lindb.) Kanda – EN [B2ab(iii)]
Campylium bambergeri (Schimp.) Hedenäs, Schlesak & D.Quandt [Hypnum bambergeri Schimp.] – VU [D2]
Campylium protensum (Brid.) Kindb. [Campylium stellatum (Hedw.) Lange & C.E.O.Jensen var. protensum (Brid.) Bryhn] – LC
Campylium stellatum (Hedw.) Lange & C.E.O.Jensen – LC
Campylophyllopsis calcarea (Crundw. & Nyholm) Ochyra [Campylidium calcareum (Crundw. & Nyholm) Ochyra] – LC
Campylophyllopsis sommerfeltii (Myrin) Ochyra [Campylidium sommerfeltii (Myrin) Ochyra] – NT
Campylophyllum halleri (Hedw.) M.Fleisch. – LC
Campylopus flexuosus (Hedw.) Brid. – LC
Campylopus fragilis (Brid.) Bruch & Schimp. – EN [B1b(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Campylopus introflexus (Hedw.) Brid. – LC
Campylopus pyriformis (Schultz) Brid. – LC
Campylopus schimperi Milde – VU [D2]
Campylopus subulatus Schimp. ex Milde – NT
Campylostelium saxicola (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Catoscopium nigritum (Hedw.) Brid. – LC
Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. – LC
Chenia leptophylla (Müll.Hal.) R.H.Zander [Leptophascum leptophyllum (Müll.Hal.) J.Guerra & M.J.Cano] – DD
Chionoloma tenuirostre (Hook. & Taylor) M.Alonso, M.J.Cano & J.A.Jiménez [Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Taylor) Lindb.] – LC
Cinclidium stygium Sw. – VU [B1b(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Cinclidotus fontinaloides (Hedw.) P.Beauv. – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Cinclidotus riparius (Host ex Brid.) Arn. – CR [B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)]
Cirriphyllum crassinervium (Taylor) Loeske & M.Fleisch. – LC
Cirriphyllum piliferum (Hedw.) Grout – LC
Cleistocarpidium palustre (Bruch & Schimp.) Ochyra & Bedn.-Ochyra – EN [B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)]
Climacium dendroides (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr – LC
Cnestrum schistii (F.Weber & D.Mohr) I.Hagen – RE
Conostomum tetragonum (Hedw.) Lindb. – LC
Coscinodon cribrosus (Hedw.) Spruce – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Cratoneuron curvicaule (Jur.) G.Roth [Callialaria curvicaulis (Jur.) Ochyra] – LC
Cratoneuron filicinum (Hedw.) Spruce
var. filicinum – LC
var. fallax (Brid.) G.Roth – LC
Cryphaea heteromalla (Hedw.) D.Mohr – LC
Ctenidium molluscum (Hedw.) Mitt. – LC
Cynodontium bruntonii (Sm.) Bruch & Schimp. – EN [D2]
Cynodontium fallax Limpr. – VU [D2]
Cynodontium gracilescens (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Schimp. – NT
Cynodontium polycarpon (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Cynodontium strumiferum (Hedw.) Lindb. – LC
Cynodontium tenellum (Schimp.) Limpr. – NT
Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Huebener) T.J.Kop. – VU [D2]
Dichelyma capillaceum (L. ex Dicks.) Myrin – RE
Dichelyma falcatum (Hedw.) Myrin – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Dichodontium flavescens (Dicks.) Lindb. – DD
Dichodontium pellucidum (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Dicranella cerviculata (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Dicranella crispa (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Dicranella grevilleana (Brid.) Schimp. – VU [D2]
Dicranella heteromalla (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Dicranella humilis R.Ruthe – DD
Dicranella rufescens (Dicks.) Schimp. – LC
Dicranella schreberiana (Hedw.) Dixon – LC
Dicranella staphylina H.Whitehouse – LC
Dicranella subulata (Hedw.) Schimp. [incl. var. curvata (Hedw.) Rabenh.] – LC
Dicranella varia (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Dicranodontium asperulum (Mitt.) Broth. – LC
Dicranodontium denudatum (Brid.) E.Britton – LC
Dicranodontium uncinatum (Harv.) A.Jaeger – NT
Dicranoweisia cirrata (Hedw.) Lindb. – LC
Dicranum acutifolium (Lindb. & Arnell) C.E.O.Jensen – LC
Dicranum bonjeanii De Not. – VU [B1b(iii)+2b(iii)]
Dicranum elongatum Schleich. ex Schwägr. [Dicranum sendtneri Limpr.] – NT
Dicranum flagellare Hedw. [Orthodicranum flagellare (Hedw.) Loeske] – LC
Dicranum flexicaule Brid. – LC
Dicranum fulvum Hook. – DD
Dicranum fuscescens Sm. – LC
Dicranum majus Sm. – LC
Dicranum montanum Hedw. [Orthodicranum montanum (Hedw.) Loeske] – LC
Dicranum muehlenbeckii Bruch & Schimp. [incl. var. cirrhatum (Schimp.) Lindb.] – VU [B1b(iii)+2b(iii)]
Dicranum polysetum Sw. ex anon. – LC
Dicranum scoparium Hedw. – LC
Dicranum spadiceum J.E.Zetterst. – LC
Dicranum spurium Hedw. – NT
Dicranum tauricum Sapjegin [Orthodicranum tauricum (Sapjegin) Smirnova] – LC
Dicranum undulatum Schrad. ex Brid. – EN [B1b(iii)+2b(iii)]
Dicranum viride (Sull. & Lesq.) Lindb. – NT
Didymodon acutus (Brid.) K.Saito – LC
Didymodon asperifolius (Mitt.) H.A.Crum, Steere & L.E.Anderson – VU [D2]
Didymodon cordatus Jur. – DD
Didymodon fallax (Hedw.) R.H.Zander [incl. var. brevifolius (Dicks.) Ochyra] – LC
Didymodon ferrugineus (Schimp. ex Besch.) M.O.Hill – LC
Didymodon giganteus (Funck) Jur. – LC
Didymodon insulanus (De Not.) M.O.Hill – LC
Didymodon luridus Hornsch. – DD
Didymodon rigidulus Hedw. – LC
Didymodon sinuosus (Mitt.) Delogne – DD
Didymodon spadiceus (Mitt.) Limpr. – LC
Didymodon tophaceus (Brid.) Lisa – LC
Didymodon validus Limpr. – VU [D2]
Didymodon vinealis (Brid.) R.H.Zander – NT
Diobelonella palustris (Dicks.) Ochyra – LC
Diphyscium foliosum (Hedw.) D.Mohr – LC
Discelium nudum (Dicks.) Brid. – VU [B2ac(iii)]
Distichium capillaceum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Distichium inclinatum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Ditrichum heteromallum (Hedw.) E.Britton – LC
Ditrichum lineare (Sw.) Lindb. – LC
Ditrichum pallidum (Hedw.) Hampe – NT
Ditrichum pusillum (Hedw.) Hampe – LC
Ditrichum zonatum (Brid.) Kindb. – LC
Drepanium fastigiatum (Hampe) C.E.O.Jensen [Hypnum recurvatum (Lindb. & Arnell) Kindb.] – VU [D2]
Drepanocladus aduncus (Hedw.) Warnst.
var. aduncus – LC
var. stagnatus (Żarnowiec) Żarnowiec & Stebel, stat. et comb. nov. [Basionym: Drepanocladus stagnatus Żarnowiec, Taxon. Mon. Drepanocladus aduncus Group: 206, pl. 73–77. 2001] – EN [B1a+2a(i, iii)]
Drepanocladus capillifolius (Warnst.) Warnst. – CR [B1a+2b(i, iii, iv)]
Drepanocladus lycopodioides (Brid.) Warnst. [Pseudocalliergon lycopodioides (Brid.) Hedenäs] – VU [B1ab(iii)+2b(iii)]
Drepanocladus polycarpos (Blandow ex Voit) Warnst. – LC
Drepanocladus polygamus (Schimp.) Hedenäs [Campylium polygamum (Schimp.) Lange & C.E.O.Jensen] – LC
Drepanocladus sendtneri (Schimp. ex H.Müll.) Warnst. – VU [B1ab(iii)+2b(iii)]
Drepanocladus sordidus (Müll.Hal.) Hedenäs – EN [B1ab(iii)+2b(iii, iv)]
Drepanocladus trifarius (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Broth. ex Paris [Pseudocalliergon trifarium (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Loeske] – CR [B1ab(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Drepanocladus turgescens (T.Jensen) Broth. [Psedocalliergon turgescens (T.Jensen) Loeske] – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Encalypta affinis R.Hedw. – DD
Encalypta alpina Sm. – LC
Encalypta ciliata Hedw. – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Encalypta microstoma Bals.-Criv. & De Not. – RE
Encalypta rhaptocarpa Schwägr. – LC
Encalypta streptocarpa Hedw. – LC
Encalypta vulgaris Hedw. – LC
Entodon concinnus (De Not.) Paris – LC
Entosthodon fascicularis (Hedw.) Müll.Hal. – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Entosthodon muhlenbergii (Turner) Fife [Funaria muhlenbergii Turner] – DD
Entosthodon obtusus (Hedw.) Lindb. – DD
Ephemerum cohaerens (Hedw.) Hampe – RE
Ephemerum crassinervium (Schwägr.) Hampe subsp. rutheanum (Schimp.) Holyoak [Ephemerum serratum (Hedw.) Hampe var. rutheanum (Schimp.) Jur.] – RE
Ephemerum recurvifolium (Dicks.) Boulay – DD
Ephemerum serratum (Hedw.) Hampe [Ephemerum minutissimum Lindb.; Ephemerum serratum var. angustifolium (Bruch & Schimp.) Bruch & Schimp.] – NT
Eucladium verticillatum (With.) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Eurhynchiastrum pulchellum (Hedw.) Ignatov & Huttunen – LC
Eurhynchium angustirete (Broth.) T.J.Kop. – LC
Eurhynchium striatum (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Exsertotheca crispa (Hedw.) S.Olsson, Enroth & D.Quandt [Neckera crispa Hedw.] – LC
Fissidens adianthoides Hedw. – LC
Fissidens arnoldii R.Ruthe – RE
Fissidens bryoides Hedw. – LC
Fissidens crassipes Wilson ex Bruch & Schimp. – CR [B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)]
Fissidens dubius P.Beauv.
var. dubius – LC
var. mucronatus (Limpr.) Kartt., Hedenäs & L.Söderstr. – LC
Fissidens exilis Hedw. – LC
Fissidens fontanus (Bach.Pyl.) Steud. [Octodiceras fontanum (Bach.Pyl.) Lindb.] – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Fissidens gracilifolius Brugg.-Nann. & Nyholm – LC
Fissidens gymnandrus Buse – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Fissidens incurvus Starke ex Röhl. – DD
Fissidens osmundoides Hedw. – EN [B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)]
Fissidens pusillus (Wilson) Milde – LC
Fissidens rufulus Bruch & Schimp. – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Fissidens taxifolius Hedw. – LC
Fissidens viridulus (Sw.) Wahlenb. – LC
Flexitrichum flexicaule (Schwägr.) Ignatov & Fedosov [Ditrichum flexicaule (Schwägr.) Hampe] – LC
Flexitrichum gracile (Mitt.) Ignatov & Fedosov [Ditrichum gracile (Mitt.) Kuntze] – LC
Fontinalis antipyretica Hedw.
subsp. antipyretica – LC
subsp. gracilis (Lindb.) Kindb. – LC
subsp. kindbergii (Renauld & Cardot) Cardot – RE
Fontinalis dalecarlica Schimp. – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Fontinalis dichelymoides Lindb. – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Fontinalis hypnoides C.Hartm. – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)
Fontinalis squamosa Hedw. – NT
Funaria hygrometrica Hedw. – LC
Funaria microstoma Bruch ex Schimp. – DD
Grimmia alpestris (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Schleich [Orthogrimmia alpestris (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Ochyra & Żarnowiec] – LC
Grimmia anodon Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Grimmia anomala Hampe ex Schimp. [Dryptodon anomalus (Hampe ex Schimp.) Loeske] – VU [D2]
Grimmia caespiticia (Brid.) Jur. [Orthogrimmia caespiticia (Brid.) Ochyra & Żarnowiec] – NT
Grimmia crinita Brid. – RE
Grimmia decipiens (Schultz) Lindb. [Dryptodon decipiens (Schultz) Loeske] – DD
Grimmia donniana Sm. [Orthogrimmia donniana (Sm.) Ochyra & Żarnowiec] – LC
Grimmia elatior Bruch ex Bals.-Criv. & De Not. [Dryptodon incurvus (Hornsch.) Brid.] – NT
Grimmia elongata Kaulf. [Dryptodon elongatus (Kaulf.) Hartm.] – LC
Grimmia funalis (Schwägr.) Bruch & Schimp. [Dryptodon funalis (Schwägr.) Brid.] – LC
Grimmia hartmanii Schimp. [Dryptodon hartmanii (Schimp.) Limpr.] – LC
Grimmia incurva Schwägr. [Dryptodon contortus (Wahlenb.) Brid.] – LC
Grimmia laevigata (Brid.) Brid. [Guembelia laevigata (Brid.) Ochyra & Żarnowiec] – DD
Grimmia longirostris Hook. [Guembelia longirostris (Hook.) Ochyra & Żarnowiec] – LC
Grimmia mollis Bruch & Schimp. [Hydrogrimmia mollis (Bruch & Schimp.) Loeske] – LC
Grimmia montana Bruch & Schimp. [Orthogrimmia montana (Bruch & Schimp.) Ochyra & Żarnowiec] – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Grimmia muehlenbeckii Schimp. [Dryptodon muehlenbeckii (Schimp.) Loeske] – LC
Grimmia orbicularis Bruch ex Wilson [Dryptodon orbicularis (Bruch ex Wilson) Ochyra & Żarnowiec] – LC
Grimmia ovalis (Hedw.) Lindb. [Guembelia ovalis (Hedw.) Müll.Hal.] – LC
Grimmia pulvinata (Hedw.) Sm. [Dryptodon pulvinatus (Hedw.) Brid.] – LC
Grimmia ramondii (Lam. & DC.) Margad. [Dryptodon patens (Hedw.) Brid.] – NT
Grimmia reflexidens Müll.Hal. [Orthogrimmia sessitana (De Not.) Ochyra & Żarnowiec] – NT
Grimmia teretinervis Limpr. – VU [D2]
Grimmia tergestina Tomm. ex Bruch & Schimp. [Guembelia tergestina (Tomm. ex Bruch & Schimp.) Buyss.] – LC
Grimmia torquata Drumm. [Dryptodon torquatus (Drumm.) Brid.] – LC
Grimmia trichophylla Grev. [Dryptodon trichophyllus (Grev.) Brid.] – LC
Gymnostomum aeruginosum Sm. – LC
Gymnostomum calcareum Nees & Hornsch. – LC
Gyroweisia tenuis (Hedw.) Schimp. – NT
Hamatocaulis vernicosus (Mitt.) Hedenäs – EN [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Haplocladium microphyllum (Hedw.) Broth. – RE
Hedwigia ciliata (Hedw.) P.Beauv. – LC
Hedwigia emodica Hampe ex Müll.Hal. [Hedwigia ciliata (Hedw.) P.Beauv. var. leucophaea Bruch & Schimp.] – LC
Hedwigia stellata Hedenäs – NT
Helodium blandowii (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Warnst. – EN [B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)]
Hennediella heimii (Hedw.) R.H.Zander – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Herzogiella seligeri (Brid.) Z.Iwats. – LC
Herzogiella striatella (Brid.) Z.Iwats. – LC
Heterocladiella dimorpha (Brid.) Ignatov & Fedosov [Heterocladium dimorphum (Brid.) Schimp.] – LC
Heterocladium flaccidum (Schimp.) A.J.E.Sm. – DD
Heterocladium heteropterum (Brid.) Schimp. – LC
Hilpertia velenovskyi (Schiffn.) R.H.Zander – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Homalia trichomanoides (Hedw.) Brid. – LC
Homalothecium lutescens (Hedw.) H.Rob. – LC
Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp. – LC
Homalothecium sericeum (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Homomallium incurvatum (Schrad. ex Brid.) Loeske – LC
Hookeria lucens (Hedw.) Sm. – VU [B2ab(iii)]
Hydrogonium croceum (Brid.) Jan Kučera [Barbula crocea (Brid.) F.Weber & D.Mohr] – LC
Hygroamblystegium fluviatile (Hedw.) Loeske – NT
Hygroamblystegium humile (P.Beauv.) Vanderp., Goffinet & Hedenäs [Leptodictyum humile (P.Beauv.) Ochyra] – NT
Hygroamblystegium tenax (Hedw.) Jenn. – NT
Hygroamblystegium varium (Hedw.) Mönk. [Orthotheciella varia (Hedw.) Ochyra] – LC
Hygrohypnella ochracea (Turner ex Wilson) Ignatov & Ignatova [Hygrohypnum ochraceum (Turner ex Wilson) Loeske] – LC
Hygrohypnella polaris (Lindb.) Ignatov & Ignatova [Hygrohypnum polare (Lindb.) Loeske] – VU [D2]
Hygrohypnum luridum (Hedw.) Jenn.
var. luridum – LC
var. subsphaericarpon (Schleich. ex Brid.) C.E.O.Jensen – LC
Hygrohypnum styriacum (Limpr.) Broth. – VU [D2]
Hylocomiadelphus triquetrus (Hedw.) Ochyra & Stebel [Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus (Hedw.) Warnst.] – LC
Hylocomiastrum pyrenaicum (Spruce) M.Fleisch. – LC
Hylocomiastrum umbratum (Hedw.) M.Fleisch. – LC
Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Hymenoloma compactum (Schleich. ex Schwägr.) Ochyra – LC
Hymenoloma crispulum (Hedw.) Ochyra. – LC
Hymenostylium recurvirostrum (Hedw.) Dixon – NT
Hypnum andoi A.J.E.Sm. – LC
Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw.
var. cupressiforme – LC
var. filiforme Brid. – LC
var. heseleri (Ando & Higuchi) M.O.Hill – DD
var. lacunosum Brid. – NT
var. subjulaceum Molendo – LC
Hypnum jutlandicum Holmen & E.Warncke – LC
Hypnum resupinatum Taylor [Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. var. resupinatum (Taylor) Schimp.] – LC
Imbribryum alpinum (Huds. ex With.) N.Pedersen [Bryum alpinum Huds. ex With.] – LC
Imbribryum mildeanum (Jur.) J.R.Spence [Bryum mildeanum Jur.] – NT
Imbribryum muehlenbeckii (Bruch & Schimp.) N.Pedersen [Bryum muehlenbeckii Bruch & Schimp.] – DD
Imbribryum subapiculatum (Hampe) D.Bell & Holyoak [Bryum subapiculatum Hampe.] – LC
Imbribryum tenuisetum (Limpr.) D.Bell & Holyoak [Bryum tenuisetum Limpr.] – LC
Isopterygiopsis muelleriana (Schimp.) Z.Iwats. – VU [D2]
Isopterygiopsis pulchella (Hedw.) Z.Iwats. – LC
Isothecium alopecuroides (Lam. ex Dubois) Isov. – LC
Isothecium myosuroides Brid. – LC
Jochenia pallescens (Hedw.) Hedenäs, Schlesak & D.Quandt [Hypnum pallescens (Hedw.) P.Beauv.] – LC
Jochenia protuberans (Brid.) Jan Kučera & Ignatov – LC
Kiaeria blyttii (Bruch & Schimp.) Broth. – LC
Kiaeria falcata (Hedw.) I.Hagen – LC
Kiaeria starkei (F.Weber & D.Mohr) I. Hagen – LC
Kindbergia praelonga (Hedw.) Ochyra – LC
Leptobryum pyriforme (Hedw.) Wilson – LC
Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. – LC
Leptodon smithii (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr – DD
Lescuraea incurvata (Hedw.) E.Lawton [Pseudoleskea incurvata (Hedw.) Loeske] – LC
Lescuraea mutabilis (Brid.) Lindb. ex I.Hagen – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Lescuraea patens Lindb. [Pseudoleskea patens (Lindb.) Kindb.] – VU [D2]
Lescuraea plicata (Schleich. ex F.Weber & D.Mohr) Broth. [Ptychodium plicatum (Schleich. ex F.Weber & D.Mohr) Schimp.] – LC
Lescuraea radicosa (Mitt.) Mönk [Pseudoleskea radicosa (Mitt.) Macoun & Kindb.] – NT
Lescuraea saxicola (Schimp.) Molendo – LC
Leskea polycarpa Hedw. – LC
Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Ångstr. – LC
Leucobryum juniperoideum (Brid.) Müll.Hal. – NT
Leucodon sciuroides (Hedw.) Schwägr. – LC
Lewinskya affinis (Schrad. ex Brid.) F.Lara, Garilleti & Goffinet [Orthotrichum affine Schrad. ex Brid.] – LC
Lewinskya fastigiata (Bruch ex Brid.) Vigalondo, F.Lara & Garilleti [Orthotrichum fastigiatum Bruch ex Brid.] – LC
Lewinskya rupestris (Schleich. ex Schwägr.) F.Lara, Garilleti & Goffinet [Orthotrichum rupestre Schleich. ex Schwägr.] – NT
Lewinskya shawii (Wilson) F.Lara, Garilleti & Goffinet – RE
Lewinskya speciosa (Nees) F.Lara, Garilleti & Goffinet [Orthotrichum speciosum Nees] – LC
Lewinskya striata (Hedw.) F.Lara, Garilleti & Goffinet [Orthotrichum striatum Hedw.] – LC
Loeskeobryum brevirostre (Brid.) M.Fleisch. – VU [B2ab(iii)]
Meesia hexasticha (Funck) Bruch – RE
Meesia longiseta Hedw. – CR [B1ab(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Meesia triquetra (L. ex Jolycl.) Ångstr. – CR [B1ab(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Meesia uliginosa Hedw. – VU [B1ab(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Microbryum curvicollum (Hedw.) R.H.Zander – NT
Microbryum davallianum (Sm.) R.H.Zander – LC
Microbryum floerkeanum (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Schimp. – VU [B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)]
Microbryum starckeanum (Hedw.) R.H.Zander – CR [B1ab(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Microhypnum sauteri (Schimp.) Jan Kučera & Ignatov [Hypnum sauteri Schimp.] – VU [D2]
Mnium hornum Hedw. – LC
Mnium lycopodioides Schwägr. – NT
Mnium marginatum (Dicks.) P.Beauv. – LC
Mnium spinosum (Voit) Schwägr. – LC
Mnium spinulosum Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Mnium stellare Hedw. – LC
Mnium thomsonii Schimp. – LC
Molendoa hornschuchiana (Hook.) Lindb. ex Limpr. [incl. Molendoa sendtneriana (Bruch & Schimp.) Limpr.] – VU [D2]
Myurella julacea (Schwägr.) Schimp. [incl. var. ciliata (Chał.) Ochyra & Bedn.-Ochyra] – LC
Myurella tenerrima (Brid.) Lindb. – VU [D2]
Neckera pennata Hedw. – VU [B1ab(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Neckera pumila Hedw. – EN [B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)]
Nyholmiella gymnostoma (Bruch ex Brid.) Holmen & E.Warncke [Orthotrichum gymnostomum Bruch ex Brid.] – EN [B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)]
Nyholmiella obtusifolia (Brid.) Holmen & E.Warncke [Orthotrichum obtusifolium Brid.] – LC
Oligotrichum hercynicum (Hedw.) Lam. & DC. – LC
Oncophorus integerrimus Hedenäs – VU [D2]
Oncophorus virens (Hedw.) Brid. – LC
Oncophorus wahlenbergii Brid. – RE
Orthodontium lineare Schwägr. – LC
Ortholimnobium handelii (Broth.) C.Schröck & J.T.Wynns – DD
Orthothecium chryseon (Schwägr.) Schimp. – LC
Orthothecium intricatum (Hartm.) Schimp. – LC
Orthothecium rufescens (Dicks. ex Brid.) Schimp. – LC
Orthotrichum alpestre Bruch & Schimp. – DD
Orthotrichum anomalum Hedw. – LC
Orthotrichum cupulatum Brid.
var. cupulatum – LC
var. riparium Huebener – DD
Orthotrichum diaphanum Brid. – LC
Orthotrichum pallens Bruch ex Brid. – LC
Orthotrichum patens Bruch ex Brid. – LC
Orthotrichum pulchellum Brunt. – LC
Orthotrichum pumilum Sw. ex anon. – LC
Orthotrichum rogeri Brid. – NT
Orthotrichum scanicum Grönvall – RE
Orthotrichum schimperi Hammar – LC
Orthotrichum stramineum Hornsch. ex Brid. – LC
Orthotrichum tenellum Bruch ex Brid. – NT
Orthotrichum urnigerum Myrin – DD
Oxyrrhynchium hians (Hedw.) Loeske
var. hians – LC
var. rigidum (Boulay) Ochyra & Żarnowiec – LC
Oxyrrhynchium schleicheri (R.Hedw.) Röll – LC
Oxyrrhynchium speciosum (Brid.) Warnst. – NT
Paludella squarrosa (Hedw.) Brid. – CR [B1ab(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Palustriella commutata (Hedw.) Ochyra
var. commutata – LC
var. fluctuans (Schimp.) Ochyra – LC
Palustriella decipiens (De Not.) Ochyra – NT
Palustriella falcata (Brid.) Hedenäs [P. commutata var. falcata (Brid.) Ochyra; P. commutata var. sulcata (Lindb.) Ochyra] – LC
Paraleucobryum enerve (Thed.) Loeske – LC
Paraleucobryum longifolium (Hedw.) Loeske [incl. var. subalpinum (Milde) Casares-Gil] – LC
Paraleucobryum sauteri (Bruch & Schimp.) Loeske – CR [D2]
Pelekium minutulum (Hedw.) Touw [Cyrto-hypnum minutulum (Hedw.) W.R.Buck & H.A.Crum] – RE
Philonotis caespitosa Jur. – LC
Philonotis calcarea (Bruch & Schimp.) Schimp. – LC
Philonotis capillaris Lindb. [Philonotis arnellii Husn.] – LC
Philonotis fontana (Hedw.) Brid. – LC
Philonotis marchica (Hedw.) Brid. – VU [B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)]
Philonotis seriata Mitt. – LC
Philonotis tomentella Molendo – LC
Physcomitrium eurystomum Sendtn.
subsp. eurystomum – LC
subsp. acuminatum (Bruch & Schimp.) Giacom. [Physcomitrium acuminatum Bruch & Schimp.] – RE
Physcomitrium patens (Hedw.) Mitt. [Physcomitrella patens (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp.] – LC
Physcomitrium pyriforme (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Physcomitrium sphaericum (C.F.Ludw. ex Schkuhr) Brid. – VU [B2ab(iii)c(iii)]
Plagiomnium affine (Blandow ex Funck) T.J.Kop. – LC
Plagiomnium cuspidatum (Hedw.) T.J.Kop. – LC
Plagiomnium elatum (Bruch & Schimp.) T.J.Kop. – LC
Plagiomnium ellipticum (Brid.) T.J.Kop. – LC
Plagiomnium medium (Bruch & Schimp.) T.J.Kop. – LC
Plagiomnium rostratum (Schrad.) T.J.Kop. – LC
Plagiomnium undulatum (Hedw.) T.J.Kop. – LC
Plagiopus oederianus (Sw.) H.A.Crum & L.E.Anderson – LC
Plagiothecium angusticellum G.J.Wolski & P.Nowicka-Krawczyk – NE
Plagiothecium cavifolium (Brid.) Z.Iwats. – LC
Plagiothecium curvifolium Schlieph. ex Limpr. [incl. var. recurvum (Warnst.) G.J.Wolski & R.W.Buck reported by Wolski et al. (2022)] – LC
Plagiothecium decursivifolium Kindb. – DD
Plagiothecium denticulatum (Hedw.) Schimp.
var. denticulatum – LC
var. obtusifolium (Turner) Moore – DD
var. undulatum R.Ruthe ex Geh. [Plagiothecium ruthei Limpr.] – NT
Plagiothecium imbricatum G.J.Wolski & R.W.Buck – NE
Plagiothecium laetum Schimp. – LC
Plagiothecium latebricola Schimp. – LC
Plagiothecium longisetum Lindb. – DD
Plagiothecium nemorale (Mitt.) A.Jaeger – LC
Plagiothecium platyphyllum Mönk. – LC
Plagiothecium rossicum Ignatov & Ignatova – NE
Plagiothecium succulentum (Wilson) Lindb. – LC
Plagiothecium tenue (Jedl.) G.J.Wolski & R.W.Buck – NE
Plagiothecium undulatum (Hedw.) Schimp. [Buckiella undulata (Hedw.) Ireland] – LC
Plasteurhynchium striatulum (Spruce) M.Fleisch. – LC
Platydictya jungermannioides (Brid.) H.A.Crum – NT
Platygyrium repens (Brid.) Schimp. – LC
Platyhypnum alpinum (Lindb.) Loeske [Hygrohypnum alpinum (Lindb.) Loeske] – CR [B2ab(e, iii)]
Platyhypnum cochlearifolium (Venturi) Ochyra [Hygrohypnum cochlearifolium (Venturi) Broth.] – VU [D2]
Platyhypnum duriusculum (De Not.) Ochyra [Hygrohypnum duriusculum (De Not.) D.W.Jamieson] – LC
Platyhypnum molle (Dicks. ex Hedw.) Loeske [Hygrohypnum molle (Dicks. ex Hedw.) Loeske] – NT
Platyhypnum norvegicum (Schimp.) Ochyra [Hygrohypnum norvegicum (Schimp.) J.J.Amann] – LC
Platyhypnum smithii (Sw.) Ochyra [Hygrohypnum smithii (Sw.) Broth.] – NT
Plenogemma phyllantha (Brid.) Sawicki, Plášek & Ochyra [Ulota phyllantha Brid.] – RE
Pleuridium acuminatum Lindb. – NT
Pleuridium subulatum (Hedw.) Rabenh. – LC
Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt. – LC
Pogonatum aloides (Hedw.) P.Beauv. [incl. var. minimum (Crome) Molendo] – LC
Pogonatum nanum (Hedw.) P.Beauv. [incl. var. longisetum Hampe ex Bruch & Schimp.] – LC
Pogonatum urnigerum (Hedw.) P.Beauv. – LC
Pohlia andalusica (Höhn.) Broth. – LC
Pohlia annotina (Hedw.) Lindb. – LC
Pohlia bulbifera (Warnst.) Warnst. – LC
Pohlia camptotrachela (Renauld & Cardot) Broth. – LC
Pohlia cruda (Hedw.) Lindb. – LC
Pohlia drummondii (Müll.Hal.) A.L.Andrews – LC
Pohlia elongata Hedw. – NT
Pohlia filum (Schimp.) Mårtensson – LC
Pohlia lescuriana (Sull.) Ochi – NT
Pohlia longicolla (Hedw.) Lindb. – LC
Pohlia ludwigii (Spreng. ex Schwägr.) Broth. – LC
Pohlia lutescens (Limpr.) H.Lindb. – NT
Pohlia melanodon (Brid.) A.J.Shaw – LC
Pohlia nutans (Hedw.) Lindb.
subsp. nutans – LC
subsp. schimperi (Müll.Hal.) Nyholm – LC
Pohlia obtusifolia (Vill. ex Brid.) L.F.Koch – NT
Pohlia proligera (Kindb.) Lindb. ex Broth. – LC
Pohlia sphagnicola (Bruch & Schimp.) Broth. – DD
Pohlia wahlenbergii (F.Weber & D.Mohr) A.L.Andrews
var. wahlenbergii – LC
var. glacialis (Brid.) E.F.Warb. – DD
Polytrichastrum alpinum (Hedw.) G.L.Sm. – LC
Polytrichastrum septentrionale (Brid.) E.I.Ivanova, N.E.Bell & Ignatov – LC
Polytrichastrum sexangulare (Brid.) G.L.Sm. – LC
Polytrichum commune Hedw. – LC
Polytrichum formosum Hedw. [Polytrichastrum formosum (Hedw.) G.L.Sm.] – LC
Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw. – LC
Polytrichum longisetum Sw. ex Brid. [Polytrichastrum longisetum (Sw. ex Brid.) G.L.Sm.] – LC
Polytrichum pallidisetum Funck [Polytrichastrum pallidisetum (Funck) G.L.Sm.] – NT
Polytrichum perigoniale Michx. [Polytrichum commune var. perigoniale (Michx.) Hampe] – LC
Polytrichum piliferum Hedw. – LC
Polytrichum strictum Menzies ex Brid. – LC
Pseudanomodon attenuatus (Hedw.) Ignatov & Fedosov [Anomodon attenuatus (Hedw.) Huebener] – NT
Pseudephemerum nitidum (Hedw.) Loeske – LC
Pseudoamblystegium subtile (Hedw.) Vanderp. & Hedenäs [Serpoleskea subtilis (Hedw.) Loeske] – NT
Pseudobryum cinclidioides (Huebener) T.J.Kop. – VU [B1ab(iii)+2b(iii)]
Pseudocampylium radicale (P.Beauv.) Vanderp. & Hedenäs [Amblystegium radicale (P.Beauv.) Schimp.] – NT
Pseudocrossidium hornschuchianum (Schultz) R.H.Zander – LC
Pseudocrossidium revolutum (Brid.) R.H.Zander – NT
Pseudohygrohypnum eugyrium (Schimp.) Kanda [Hygrohypnum eugyrium (Schimp.) Broth.] – EN [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii, iv)]
Pseudohygrohypnum fertile (Sendtn.) Jan Kučera & Ignatov [Hypnum fertile Sendtn.] – CR [B1ab(i, iii)+2ab(ii, iii)]
Pseudoleskeella catenulata (Brid. ex Schrad.) Kindb. – LC
Pseudoleskeella nervosa (Brid.) Nyholm [Leskella nervosa (Brid.) Loeske] – LC
Pseudoscleropodium purum (Hedw.) M.Fleisch. – LC
Pseudostereodon procerrimus (Molendo) M.Fleisch. [Hypnum procerrimum Molendo] – NT
Pseudotaxiphyllum elegans (Brid.) Z.Iwats. – LC
Pterigynandrum filiforme Hedw.
var. filiforme – LC
var. decipiens (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Limpr. – LC
Pterygoneurum lamellatum (Lindb.) Jur. – DD
Pterygoneurum ovatum (Hedw.) Dixon – LC
Pterygoneurum sampaianum (Guim.) Guim. – DD
Pterygoneurum subsessile (Brid.) Jur. – NT
Ptilium crista-castrensis (Hedw.) De Not. – LC
Ptychostomum arcticum (R.Br.) J.R.Spence ex Holyoak & N.Pedersen [Bryum arcticum (R.Br.) Bruch & Schimp.] – DD
Ptychostomum bornholmense (Wink. & R.Ruthe) Holyoak & N.Pedersen [Bryum bornholmense Wink. & R.Ruthe] – DD
Ptychostomum calophyllum (R.Br.) J.R.Spence [Bryum calophyllum R.Br.] – DD
Ptychostomum capillare (Hedw.) Holyoak & N.Pedersen [Rosulabryum capillare (Hedw.) J.R.Spence] – LC
Ptychostomum cernuum (Hedw.) Hornsch. [Bryum uliginosum (Brid.) Bruch & Schimp.] – RE
Ptychostomum compactum Hornsch. [Bryum algovicum Sendtn. ex Müll.Hal.] – DD
Ptychostomum creberrimum (Taylor) J.R.Spence & H.P.Ramsay [Bryum creberrimum Taylor] – LC
Ptychostomum cyclophyllum (Schwägr.) J.R.Spence [Bryum cyclophyllum (Schwägr.) Bruch & Schimp.] – DD
Ptychostomum demissum (Hook.) Holyoak & N.Pedersen [Plagiobryum demissum (Hook.) Lindb.] – VU [D2]
Ptychostomum elegans (Nees) D.Bell & Holyoak [Rosulabryum elegans (Nees) Ochyra] – LC
Ptychostomum funkii (Schwägr.) J.R.Spence [Bryum funckii Schwägr.] – NT
Ptychostomum imbricatulum (Müll.Hal.) Holyoak & N.Pedersen [Bryum badium (Bruch ex Brid.) Schimp.; Bryum caespiticium Hedw.] – LC
Ptychostomum inclinatum (Sw. ex Brid.) J.R.Spence [Bryum amblyodon Müll.Hal.] – LC
Ptychostomum intermedium (Brid.) J.R.Spence [Bryum intermedium (Brid.) Blandow] – NT
Ptychostomum knowltonii (Barnes) J.R.Spence [Bryum knowltonii Barnes] – RE
Ptychostomum kunzei (Hornsch.) J.R.Spence [Bryum caespiticium Hedw. var. imbricatum Bruch & Schimp.; Bryum kunzei Hornsch.] – LC
Ptychostomum longisetum (Blandow ex Schwägr.) J.R.Spence [Bryum longisetum Blandow ex Schwägr.] – RE
Ptychostomum moravicum (Podp.) Ros & Mazimpaka [Rosulabryum laevifilum (Syed) Ochyra] – LC
Ptychostomum neodamense (Itzigs.) J.R.Spence [Bryum neodamense Itzigs.] – EN [B1b(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Ptychostomum pallens (Sw. ex anon.) J.R.Spence [Bryum pallens Sw. ex anon.] – NT
Ptychostomum pallescens (Schleich. ex Schwägr.) J.R.Spence [Bryum pallescens Schleich. ex Schwägr.] – LC
Ptychostomum pseudotriquetrum (Hedw.) J.R.Spence & H.P.Ramsay ex Holyoak & N.Pedersen [Bryum pseudotriquetrum (Hedw.) P.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.]
var. pseudotriquetrum – LC
var. bimum (Schreb.) Holyoak & N.Pedersen – DD
Ptychostomum rubens (Mitt.) Holyoak & N.Pedersen [Bryum rubens Mitt.] – LC
Ptychostomum salinum (I.Hagen ex Limpr.) J.R.Spence [Bryum salinum I.Hagen ex Limpr.] – RE
Ptychostomum schleicheri (DC.) J.R.Spence ex D.Bell & Holyoak [Bryum schleicheri Schwägr.] – NT
Ptychostomum subneodamense (Kindb.) J.R.Spence [Bryum subneodamense Kindb.] – DD
Ptychostomum turbinatum (Hedw.) J.R.Spence [Bryum turbinatum (Hedw.) Turner] – EN [B1b(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Ptychostomum warneum (Röhl.) J.R.Spence [Bryum mamillatum Lindb.; Bryum warneum (Röhl.) Brid.] – CR [B1ab(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Ptychostomum weigelii (Biehler) J.R.Spence [Bryum weigelii Biehler] – VU [B1b(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Ptychostomum zieri (Hedw.) Holyoak & N.Pedersen [Plagiobryum zieri (Hedw.) Lindb.] – LC
Pulvigera lyellii (Hook. & Taylor) Plášek, Sawicki & Ochyra [Orthotrichum lyellii Hook. & Taylor] – LC
Pylaisia polyantha (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Pyramidula tetragona (Brid.) Brid. – CR [B1ab(iii)+2b(iii)]
Racomitrium aciculare (Hedw.) Brid. [Codriophorus acicularis (Hedw.) P.Beauv.] – LC
Racomitrium affine (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Lindb. [Bucklandiella affinis (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra] – LC
Racomitrium aquaticum (Brid. ex Schrad.) Brid. [Codriophorus aquaticus (Brid. ex Schrad.) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra] – LC
Racomitrium canescens (Hedw.) Brid. [Niphotrichum canescens (Hedw.) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra] – LC.
Racomitrium elongatum Ehrh. ex Frisvoll [Niphotrichum elongatum (Ehrh. ex Frisvoll) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra] – LC
Racomitrium ericoides (Brid.) Brid. [Niphotrichum ericoides (Brid.) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra] – LC
Racomitrium fasciculare (Hedw.) Brid. [Codriophorus fascicularis (Hedw.) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra] – LC
Racomitrium heterostichum (Hedw.) Brid. [Bucklandiella heterosticha (Hedw.) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra] – LC
Racomitrium lanuginosum (Hedw.) Brid. – LC
Racomitrium macounii Kindb. [Bucklandiella macounii (Kindb.) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra]
subsp. macounii – VU [D2]
subsp. alpinum (E.Lawton) Frisvoll – LC
Racomitrium microcarpon (Hedw.) Brid. [Bucklandiella microcarpa (Hedw.) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra] – LC
Racomitrium obtusum (Brid.) Brid. [Bucklandiella obtusa (Brid.) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra] – RE
Racomitrium sudeticum (Funck) Bruch & Schimp. [Bucklandiella sudetica (Funck) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra] – LC
Rhabdoweisia crispata (Dicks.) Lindb. – NT
Rhabdoweisia fugax (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Rhizomnium magnifolium (Horik.) T.J.Kop. – NT
Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum (Bruch & Schimp.) T.J.Kop. – VU [D2]
Rhizomnium punctatum (Hedw.) T.J.Kop. – LC
Rhodobryum ontariense (Kindb.) Kindb. – NT
Rhodobryum roseum (Hedw.) Limpr. – LC
Rhynchostegiella tenella (Dicks.) Limpr. – NT
Rhynchostegiella teneriffae (Mont.) Dirkse & Bouman – CR [B2a+b(iii, iv)]
Rhynchostegium confertum (Dicks.) Schimp. – NT
Rhynchostegium megapolitanum (Blandow ex F.Weber & D.Mohr) Schimp. – LC
Rhynchostegium murale (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Rhynchostegium riparioides (Hedw.) Cardot [Platyhypnidium riparioides (Hedw.) Dixon] – LC
Rhynchostegium rotundifolium (Scop. ex Brid.) Schimp. – VU [D2]
Rhytidiadelphus loreus (Hedw.) Warnst. – LC
Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus (Hedw.) Warnst. – LC
Rhytidiadelphus subpinnatus (Lindb.) T.J.Kop. – LC
Rhytidium rugosum (Hedw.) Kindb. – NT
Saelania glaucescens (Hedw.) Broth. – LC
Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske – LC
Sarmentypnum exannulatum (Schimp.) Hedenäs [Warnstorfia exannulata (Schimp.) Loeske] – LC
Sarmentypnum sarmentosum (Wahlenb.) Tuom. & T.J.Kop. [Warnstorfia sarmentosa (Wahlenb.) Hedenäs] – LC
Sarmentypnum trichophyllum (Warnst.) Hedenäs [Warnstorfia trichophylla (Warnst.) Tuom. & T.J.Kop.] – VU [B2a+b(i, iii, iv)]
Schistidium agassizii Sull. & Lesq. – NT
Schistidium apocarpum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Schistidium atrofuscum (Schimp.) Limpr. – NT
Schistidium brunnescens Limpr.
subsp. brunnescens – NT
subsp. griseum (Nees & Hornsch.) H.H.Blom – NT
Schistidium confertum (Funck) Bruch & Schimp. – NT
Schistidium confusum H.H.Blom – LC
Schistidium crassipilum H.H.Blom – LC
Schistidium dupretii (Thér.) W.A.Weber – LC
Schistidium elegantulum H.H.Blom – LC
Schistidium flaccidum (De Not.) Ochyra – RE
Schistidium flexipile (Lindb. ex Broth.) G.Roth – VU [D2]
Schistidium helveticum (Schkuhr) Deguchi – VU [D2]
Schistidium lancifolium (Kindb.) H.H.Blom – LC
Schistidium papillosum Culm. – LC
Schistidium pruinosum (Wilson ex Schimp.) G.Roth – VU [D2]
Schistidium rivulare (Brid.) Podp. – LC
Schistidium robustum (Nees & Hornsch.) H.H.Blom – LC
Schistidium trichodon (Brid.) Poelt
var. trichodon – LC
var. nutans H.H.Blom – LC
Schistidium umbrosum (J.E.Zetterst.) H.H.Blom – VU [D2]
Schistostega pennata (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr – NT
Sciurio-hypnum curtum (Lindb.) Ignatov – LC
Sciuro-hypnum flotowianum (Sendtn.) Ignatov & Huttunen – NT
Sciurio-hypnum glaciale (Schimp.) Ignatov & Huttunen – NT
Sciurio-hypnum ornellanum (Molendo) Ignatov & Huttunen – LC
Sciurio-hypnum plumosum (Hedw.) Ignatov & Huttunen – LC
Sciurio-hypnum populeum (Hedw.) Ignatov & Huttunen – LC
Sciurio-hypnum reflexum (Starke) Ignatov & Huttunen – LC
Sciurio-hypnum starkei (Brid.) Ignatov & Huttunen – LC
Scorpidium cossonii (Schimp.) Hedenäs [Limprichtia cossonii (Schimp.) L.E.Anderson, H.A.Crum & W.R.Buck] – VU [B2ab(iii)]
Scorpidium revolvens (Sw. ex anon.) Rubers [Limprichtia revolvens (Sw. ex anon.) Loeske] – DD
Scorpidium scorpioides (Hedw.) Limpr. – EN [B1ab(iii)+2b(iii)]
Seligeria acutifolia Lindb. – DD
Seligeria calcarea (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – NT
Seligeria donniana (Sm.) Müll.Hal. – NT
Seligeria patula (Lindb.) I.Hagen [Seligeria patula var. alpestris (T.Schauer) Gos & Ochyra] – NT
Seligeria pusilla (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Seligeria trifaria (Brid.) Lindb. – NT
Serpoleskea confervoides (Brid.) Schimp. – LC
Sphagnum affine Renauld & Cardot – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Sphagnum angustifolium (C.E.O.Jensen ex Russow) C.E.O. Jensen – LC
Sphagnum auriculatum Schimp. [Sphagnum denticulatum Brid.] – LC
Sphagnum balticum (Russow) C.E.O.Jensen – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Sphagnum capillifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw. [incl. var. tenerum (Sull. & Lesq. ex Sull.) H.A.Crum] – LC
Sphagnum centrale C.E.O.Jensen – LC
Sphagnum compactum Lam. & DC. – LC
Sphagnum contortum Schultz – LC
Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh. ex Hoffm.
var. cuspidatum – LC
var. viride (Flatberg) Lönnell & Hassel – DD
Sphagnum divinum Flatberg & Hassel [Sphagnum magellanicum auct. eur. p.p., non Brid.] – DD
Sphagnum fallax (H.Klinggr.) H.Klinggr.
var. fallax – LC
var. brevifolium (Lindb. ex Braithw.) Lönnell & Hassel – DD
Sphagnum fimbriatum Wilson – LC
Sphagnum flexuosum Dozy & Molk. – LC
Sphagnum fuscum (Schimp.) H.Klinggr. – NT
Sphagnum girgensohnii Russow – LC
Sphagnum inundatum Russow – LC
Sphagnum jensenii H.Lindb. – DD
Sphagnum lindbergii Schimp. – VU [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Sphagnum medium Limpr. [Sphagnum magellanicum auct. eur. p.p., non Brid.] – LC
Sphagnum majus (Russow) C.E.O.Jensen – NT
Sphagnum molle Sull. – NT
Sphagnum obtusum Warnst. – LC
Sphagnum palustre L. – LC
Sphagnum papillosum Lindb. – LC
Sphagnum platyphyllum (Lindb. ex Braithw.) Warnst. – NT
Sphagnum pulchrum (Lindb. ex Braithw.) Warnst. – DD
Sphagnum quinquefarium (Braithw.) Warnst. – LC
Sphagnum riparium Ångstr. – LC
Sphagnum rubellum Wilson – LC
Sphagnum russowii Warnst. – LC
Sphagnum squarrosum Crome – LC
Sphagnum subfulvum Sjörs – NT
Sphagnum subnitens Russow & Warnst. – LC
Sphagnum subsecundum Nees – LC
Sphagnum tenellum (Brid.) Pers. ex Brid. – NT
Sphagnum teres (Schimp.) Ångstr. – LC
Sphagnum warnstorfii Russow – LC
Sphagnum wulfianum Girg. – LC
Splachnum ampullaceum Hedw. – EN [B1ab(iii)+2b(iii)]
Splachnum sphaericum Hedw. – LC
Stegonia latifolia (Schwägr.) Venturi ex Broth. – LC
Stereodon callichrous (Brid.) Lindb. [Hypnum callichroum Brid.] – LC
Stereodon hamulosus (Schimp.) Lindb. [Hypnum hamulosum Schimp.] – NT
Stereodon pratensis (W.D.J.Koch ex Spruce) Warnst. [Hypnum pratense W.D.J.Koch ex Spruce] – EN [B1ab(iii)+B2b(iii)]
Straminergon stramineum (Dicks. ex Brid.) Hedenäs – LC
Streblotrichum convolutum (Hedw.) P.Beauv. [Barbula convoluta Hedw.] – LC
Streblotrichum enderesii (Garov.) Loeske [Barbula enderesii Garov.] – RE
Syntrichia calcicola J.J.Amann – LC
Syntrichia laevipila Brid. – NT
Syntrichia latifolia (Bruch ex Hartm.) Huebener – LC
Syntrichia montana Nees – LC
Syntrichia norvegica F.Weber – LC
Syntrichia papillosa (Wilson) Jur. – LC
Syntrichia ruraliformis (Besch.) Mans. – LC
Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr
var. ruralis – LC
var. epilosa (Venturi) J.J.Amann – NT
Syntrichia sinensis (Müll.Hal.) Ochyra – DD
Syntrichia virescens (De Not.) Ochyra – LC
Taxiphyllum densifolium (Lindb. ex Broth.) Reimers – CR [B2ab(iii)]
Taxiphyllum wissgrillii (Garov.) Wijk & Margad. – LC
Tayloria acuminata Hornsch. – RE
Tayloria froelichiana (Hedw.) Mitt. ex Broth. – LC
Tayloria lingulata (Dicks.) Lindb. – VU [D2]
Tayloria serrata (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – NT
Tayloria splachnoides (Schleich. ex Schwägr.) Hook. – RE
Tayloria tenuis (Dicks.) Schimp. – DD
Tetraphis pellucida Hedw. – LC
Tetraplodon angustatus (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – LC
Tetraplodon mnioides (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. – NT
Tetrodontium brownianum (Dicks.) Schwägr. – VU [D2]
Tetrodontium repandum (Funck) Schwägr. – VU [D2]
Thamnobryum alopecurum (Hedw.) Gangulee – LC
Thamnobryum neckeroides (Hook.) E.Lawton – LC
Thuidium assimile (Mitt.) A.Jaeger [Thuidium philibertii Limpr.]– LC
Thuidium delicatulum (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Thuidium recognitum (Hedw.) Lindb. – LC
Thuidum tamariscinum (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Timmia austriaca Hedw. – LC
Timmia bavarica Hessl. – LC
Timmia megapolitana Hedw. – RE
Timmia norvegica J.E.Zetterst. – LC
Tomentypnum nitens (Hedw.) Loeske – VU [B1ab(iii)+2b(iii)]
Tortella densa (Lorentz & Molendo) Crunw. & Nyholm – DD
Tortella flavovirens (Bruch) Broth. – CR [B2ab(iii)]
Tortella fragilis (Drumm.) Limpr. – DD
Tortella inclinata (R.Hedw.) Limpr. – LC
Tortella pseudofragilis (Thér.) Köckinger & Hedenäs – DD
Tortella squarrosa (Brid.) Limpr. [Pleurochaete squarrosa (Brid.) Lindb.] – CR [B1ab(iii)+2b(iii)]
Tortella tortuosa (Hedw.) Limpr. – LC
Tortula acaulon (With.) R.H.Zander
var. acaulon – LC
var. pilifera (Hedw.) R.H.Zander – DD
var. schreberiana (Dicks.) R.H.Zander – LC
Tortula caucasica Broth. [Tortula modica R.H.Zander] – LC
Tortula cernua (Huebener) Lindb. – CR [B1ab(iii)+2b(iii)]
Tortula hoppeana (Schultz) Ochyra [Tortula euryphylla R.H.Zander] – LC
Tortula lindbergii Broth. [Tortula lanceola R.H.Zander] – NT
Tortula mucronifolia Schwägr. – DD
Tortula muralis Hedw.
subsp. muralis
var. muralis – LC
var. aestiva Hedw. – LC
subsp. obtusifolia (Schwägr.) Culm. [Tortula obtusifolia (Schwägr.) Mathieu] – VU [D2]
Tortula protobryoides R.H.Zander [Protobryum bryoides (Dicks.) J.Guerra & M.J.Cano] – NT
Tortula randii (Kenn.) R.H.Zander – VU [D2]
Tortula schimperi M.J.Cano, O.Werner & J.Guerra [Tortula subulata Hedw. var. angustata (Schimp.) Limpr.] – DD
Tortula subulata Hedw. – LC
Tortula truncata (Hedw.) Mitt. – LC
Trematodon ambiguus (Hedw.) Hornsch. – VU [B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)]
Trichodon cylindricus (Hedw.) Schimp. – LC
Trichostomum crispulum Bruch (incl. var. brevifolium (Sendtn. ex Müll.Hal.) Bruch & Schimp.) – LC
Ulota bruchii Hornsch. ex Brid. – LC
Ulota coarctata (P.Beauv.) Hammar – EN [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Ulota crispa (Hedw.) Brid. – LC
Ulota crispula Bruch – DD
Ulota drummondii (Hook. & Grev.) Brid. – RE
Ulota hutchinsiae (Sm.) Hammar – CR [B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)]
Ulota intermedia Schimp. – DD
Ulota rehmannii Jur. – RE
Warnstorfia fluitans (Hedw.) Loeke – LC
Warnstorfia pseudostraminea (Müll.Hal.) Tuom. & T.J.Kop. – LC
Weissia brachycarpa (Nees & Hornsch.) Jur. – NT
Weissia condensa (Voit) Lindb. – DD
Weissia controversa (Voit) Lindb.
var. controversa – LC
var. crispata (Nees & Hornsch.) Nyholm [Weissia fallax Sehlm.] – DD
Weissia longifolia Mitt. – LC
Weissia rostellata (Brid.) Lindb. – DD
Weissia rutilans (Hedw.) Lindb. – RE
Weissia squarrosa (Nees & Hornsch.) Müll.Hal. – NT
Weissia wimmeriana (Sendtn.) Bruch & Schimp. [Weissia controversa Hedw. var. wimmeriana (Sendtn.) Blockeel & A.J.E.Sm.] – DD
Zygodon dentatus (Limpr.) Kartt. – NT
Zygodon gracilis Wilson – CR [B2ab(iii)]
Zygodon rupestris Schimp. ex Lorentz – NT
Zygodon stirtonii Schimp. ex Stirt. – VU [D2]
Zygodon viridissimus (Dicks.) Brid. – NT
[1]Acknowledgements
The authors express gratitude to Msc. Mirosław Szczepański for information on the distribution of Acaulon casasianum, Pterygoneurum sampaianum and several other species from the family Pottiaceae. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on this work.
We also thank Dr. Piotr Waloch for providing information about the state of nature conservation in the Bielinek Nature Reserve.
