This paper establishes the connection between the characteristics and selectivity behavior of scaly graphite deposits, ores, and minerals from a genetic perspective, and predicts the process indicators. This study explores the relationship between the genetic characteristics of flaky graphite deposits and their mineral processing behavior. Samples from 8 graphite-producing areas in the Jiamusi-Xingkai graphite metallogenic belt were analyzed with the aim of predicting key technological indexes. First, systematic process mineralogy research was carried out. The structural characteristics, chemical composition, mineral composition and particle size distribution, graphite monomer liberation degree, graphite flake size and gangue mineral inclusion between graphite layers were analyzed in detail using techniques such as electron microscopy, the automated quantitative mineral analysis system (MLA), scanning electron microscopy, and the alkali fusion method for graphite flake size determination. In combination with data on ore deposit genesis, beneficiation tests, and production practices, a comparative analysis was performed to identify the genetic characteristics that affect graphite selectivity. These include the degree of metamorphism of the ore deposit, the weathering degree of the ore, the particle size distribution of graphite, and the intergrowth relationships between graphite and typical minerals (such as those prone to slimes, easy-to-float minerals, and flaky minerals). Additionally, a preliminary prediction of concentrate grade and recovery rate was made, and a set of predictive rules for the process flow was established, which aligns with the actual process parameters.