Effect of process variables on the synthesis of MgB2 by high energy ball mill
,
 
,
 
 
 
More details
Hide details
1
Eskişehir Osmangazi University
 
 
Publication date: 2017-04-30
 
 
Corresponding author
Haldun Kurama   

Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir Osmanagzi University Mining Engineering Department, Meselik-26480, 26480 Eskişehir, Turkey
 
 
Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process. 2017;53(2):969-982
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Discovery of superconductivity of MgB2 with a critical temperature of -234 °C has offered the promise of important large-scale applications. Except for the other featured synthesis methods, mechanical activation, performed by high-energy ball mills to synthesis of bulk form of MgB2 or as a first step of wire and thin film production has considered as an effective alternative production route in recent years. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of process variables such as the ball-to-powder weight ratio (BPR), size of ball, milling time, annealing temperature and contribution of process control agent (toluene) on the product size, morphology and conversion level of precursor powders to MgB2 after subsequent heat treatment. Although, the test results revealed relatively lower weight percent of MgB2 phase formation compared with the literature, the reduced milling time, BPR and sinterability of pre-alloyed powder to MgB2 at lowered temperature (630 °C) enhanced the applicability of mechanical alloying with SPEX mill.
 
REFERENCES (29)
1.
TOBİN J.R., 2008, Superconductivity Research Developments, Nova Science Publishers, Inc. New York,.
 
2.
NAGAMATSU J., NAKAGAWA N., MURANAKA, T., ZENITANI Y., AKIMITSU J., 2001, Superconductivity at 39K in magnesium diboride, Nature 410, 63-64SERGEY L., 2007, Recent advances in crystal growth of pure and chemically substituted MgB2, Physica C 456, 14–21.
 
3.
DOU S. X., BRACCINI V., SOLTANIAN S., KLIE R., ZHU Y., LI S., WANG X.L., LARBALESTIED C.R., 2004, Nanoscale-SiC doping for enhancing Jc and Hc2 in superconducting MgB2, J. Appl. Phys. 96, 7549.
 
4.
KUMAKURA H., KITAGUCHI H., MATSUMOTO A., HATAKEYAMA H., 2004, Upper critical fields of powder-in-tube-processed MgB2 /FeMgB2/Fe tape conductors, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 3669.
 
5.
SUMPTION M. D., BHATIA M., RINDFLEISCH M., TOMSIC M., SOLTANIAN S., DOU S. X., COLLINGS E. W., 2005, Large upper critical field and irreversibility field in MgB2 wires with SiC additions, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 092507.
 
6.
MATSUMOTO A., KUMAKURA H., KITAGUCHI H., SENKOWICZ B.J., JEWELL M.C., HELLSTROM E.E., ZHU Y., VOYLES P.M., LARBALESTIER D.C., 2006, Evaluation of connectivity, flux pinning, and upper critical field contributions to the critical current density of bulk pure and SiC-alloyed MgB2, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89,132508.
 
7.
PARANTHAMAN J.R., THOMPSON D., CHRISTEN K., 2001, Effect of carbon-doping in bulk superconducting MgB2 sample, Physica C 355, 1.
 
8.
WILKE R H.T., BUDKO S.L., CANFIELD P.C., FINNEMORE D.K., SUPLINSKAS R.J., HANNAHS S.T., 2004, Systematic effects of carbon doping on the superconducting properties of Mg(B1-x Cx)2, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 217003.
 
9.
YAN S.C., ZHOU L., YAN G., YANG Q.W., LU Y.F., 2008, Effect of carbon doping on the formation and stability of MgB2 phase, J. Alloys Compd. 459, 452.
 
10.
KIM J.H., YEOH W.K., XU X., DOU S.X., MUNROE P., RINDFLEISCH M., TOMSIC M., 2006, Superconductivity of MgB2 with embedded multiwall carbon nanotube, Physica C 449, 133–138.
 
11.
LEE J. H., SHIN S. Y., KIM C. J., PARK H. W., 2009, Superconducting properties of MgB2 prepared from attrition ball-milled boron powder, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 476, 919–924.
 
12.
RIBEIRO R.A., BUDKO S.L., PETROVIC C., CANFIELD P.C., 2003, Effects of boron purity, Mg stoichiometry and carbon substitution on properties of polycrystalline MgB2, Physica C 385, 16–23.
 
13.
SURYANARAYANA C., 2001, Mechanical alloying and milling, Progress in Materials Science 46, 1-184.
 
14.
GUMBEL A., ECKERT J., FUCHS G., NENKOV K., MULLER K-H., SCHULTZ L., 2002, Improved superconducting properties in nanocrystalline bulk MgB2, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 2725.
 
15.
GUMBEL A., PERNER O., ECKERT J., FUCHS G., NENKOV K., MULLER K-H, SCHULTZ L., 2003, High density nanocrystalline MgB2 bulk superconductors with improved pinning, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 13, 3064.
 
16.
WAßLER W., RODIG. C, FISCHER C., HOLZAPFEL B., PERNER O., ECKERT J., NENKOV K., FUCHS G., 2003, Low temperature preparation of MgB2 tapes using mechanically alloyed powder, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 16, 281–284.
 
17.
WAßLER W., BIRAJDAR B., GRUNER W., HERRMANN M., PERNER O., RODIG C., SCHUBERT M., HOLZAPFEL B., EIBL O., SCHULTZ L., 2006, MgB2 bulk and tapes prepared by mechanical alloying: influence of the boron precursor powder, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 19, 512–520.
 
18.
PERNER O, ECKERT J., HAßLER W., FISCHER C., MULLER K-H., FUCHS G., HOLZAPFEL B., SCHULTZ L., 2004, Microstructure and impurity dependence in mechanically alloyed nanocrystalline MgB2 superconductors, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 17, 1148.
 
19.
VARIN R.A., CHIU C.H., 2006, Synthesis of nanocrystalline magnesium diboride (MgB2) metallic superconductor by mechano-chemical reaction and post annealing, J. Alloys Compd., 407, 268–273.
 
20.
VARIN R.A., CHIU C.H., LI S., CALKA A., WEXLER D., 2004, Application of controlled and electrical discharge assisted mechanical alloying for the synthesis of nanocrystalline MgB2 superconducting compound, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 370, 230–243.
 
21.
LEE J.H., SHIN S.Y., KIM C.J., PARK H.W., 2009, Superconducting properties of MgB2 prepared from attrition ball-milled boron powder, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 476, 919–924.
 
22.
WU Y.F., LU Y.F., LI J.S., CHEN S.K., YAN G., PU M.H., LI C.S., ZHANG P.X., 2007, The microstructures and superconducting properties of MgB2 bulks prepared by a high-energy milling method, Physica C 467, 38–42.
 
23.
LOMOVSKY O.I., GOLUBKOVA G.V., DOVLİTOVA L.S., ZAİKOVSKII V.I., MALY V.I., 2010, Mechanochemical synthesis of amorphous and crystalline magnesium diboride, Inorganic Materials, 46, (1), 22–27.
 
24.
ABE H., NAITO M., NOGI K., MATSUDA M., MIYAKE M., OHAR A S., KONDO A., FUKUI T., 2003, Low temperature formation of superconducting MgB2 phase from elements by mechanical milling, Physica C 391, 211–216.
 
25.
ZHOU S., PAN A.V., HORVAT J., QIN M.J., LIU H.K., 2004, Effects of precursor powders and sintering processes on the superconducting properties of MgB2 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 17, S528–S532.
 
26.
CHEN K, YATES KA., BLAMİRE M.G., MACMANUS-DRİSCOLL J.L., 2005, Strong influence of boron precursor powder on the critical current density of MgB2, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 18, 1473–1477.
 
27.
XU X., QIN M.J., KONSTANTINOV K., DOS SANTOS D.I, YEOH, W.K. KIM J.H., DOU, S.X., 2006, Effect of boron powder purity on superconducting properties of MgB2, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 19, 466–469.
 
28.
GAVRILOV D., VINOGRADOV O., SHAW W.J.D., 1995, Simulation of mechanical alloying in a shaker ball mill with variable size particle, Proc. Int. Conf. on Composite Materials, ICCM-10, Woodhead Publishing, 299-307.
 
29.
IVISON P.K, SOLETTA I, COWLAM N., COCCO G., ENZO S., BATTEZZATI L., 1992, The effect of absorbed hydrogen on the amorphization of CuTi alloys, J. Phys: Cond. Matter 4, 5239–5248.
 
eISSN:2084-4735
ISSN:1643-1049
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top